1. Enhomethodology
- originated from social sciences, answers "how a certain community behaves and how the principles and values of the community affect the behaviour of the inviduals", investigate aspect of cultural communities: norms, values, pratices; target at specific population; investingates whole community, not individuals;
"+" holisic, investigates complex phenomena
"-" lot of time, high skills, validity of the reports, if it is science at all
2. Narrative reserach
- study of single individual and their life experiences; they provide stories about their life experiences; following things should be addressed: phase of life, single theme, specific situations; not only biographies are sources of data, also interviews, field notes, observations, storytelling, newspapers; can be applied in many fields;
3. Phenomenography
- investigate inviduals' level of understanding an experience or phenomena; usually by interview about this experience or phoenomenon; used mainly for investingating learning process, understanding of learned content, but also for desctibing th conceptions of the world around us;
4. Case study
- detailed analysis of a signle object or phenomena (person, system, organization, course, ...); real life context; "how" and "why" questions; to investigate borders between phenomena and context; in natural settings; hard to generalize; concrete knowledge may be considered less valuable; most for generating hypotheses; we can compare between cases afterwards;
5. Grounded theory
- inductive; create theory from data; collect data, select data, and analyse data; indenfity categories in data, build relationships between them, group together;
6. Surveys (also)
DATA COLLECTION METHODS IN QUALITATIVE AND MIXED RESEARCH
- Interview - open-ended (unstructured), closed (structured, data better for comparison), or focus group interviews (discussions in groups 8-12 people, usually recorded); do not show your opinions to respondedts;
- Direct observation - non-intrusive; can be recorded by videa camera; could be free form, or eg. counting how many times a behaviour occures, or mixed; observed things are: participants, interactions, nonverbal behaviour, physical surroundings; use in requirement capturing, evaluation, ..; interviews can be conucted later to clear something; ethically we should inform people they're being observed;
- Log files
- Content analysis - study the text content; widely applied; eg. to study authorship, authencity, meaning of communication; we create some code book but no time to think about it..
